• Global Map of Male Circumcision

    Author & Upload Date : Alexander Emilfaro. 9th August 2008.

    Global map of male circumcision prevalence at country level


    Circumcision (also known as "khitan") is the removal of some or all of the foreskin (prepuce) from the penis. The word "circumcision" comes from Latin circum (meaning "around") and cædere (meaning "to cut").

    Early depictions of circumcision are found in cave drawings and Ancient Egyption tombs, though some pictures may be open to interpretation. Male circumcision is considered a commandment from God in Judaism.

    Advocates for circumcision state that it provides important health advantages which outweigh the risks, has no substantial effects on sexual function, has a low complication rate when carried out by an experienced physician, and is best performed during the neonatal period.

    In Islam, though not discussed in the Qur'an, circumcision is widely practiced and most often considered to be a sunnah. It is also customary in some Christian churches in Africa, including some Oriental Orthodox Churches.

    According to the World Health Organization (WHO), global estimates suggest that 30% of males are circumcised, of whom 68% are Muslim.

    The prevalence of circumcision varies mostly with religious affiliation, and sometimes culture.

    Advocates for circumcision state that it provides important health advantages which outweigh the risks, has no substantial effects on sexual function, has a low complication rate when carried out by an experienced physician, and is best performed during the neonatal period.

    The World Health Organization (WHO;2007), the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS;2007), and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC;2008) state that evidence indicates male circumcision significantly reduces the risk of HIV acquisition by men during penile-vaginal sex, but also state that circumcision only provides partial protection and should not replace other interventions to prevent transmission of HIV. ~ Wikipedia


    Male circumcision has been shown to have several health benefits including:

    01. It is easier to keep penis clean.

    02. There is a reduced risk of urinary tract infections in childhood.

    03. Circumcision prevents inflammation of the glans (balanitis) and the foreskin (posthitis).

    04. Circumcision prevents the potential for scar tissue on the foreskin which may lead to phimosis (inability to retract the foreskin) and paraphimosis (swelling of the retracted foreskin resulting in inability to return the foreskin to its normal position).

    05. There is a reduced risk of some sexually transmitted infections (STIs), especially ulcerative diseases, such as chancroid and syphilis.

    06. There is a reduced risk of becoming infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

    07. There is a reduced risk of penile cancer.

    08. There is a reduced risk of cancer of the cervix in female sex partners.

    Whether or not circumcision is necessary has been a subject of heated debate in many countries. In some settings circumcision is widely performed for religious or cultural reasons while in others it is only performed on medical grounds In order to make an informed
    decision, every potential client or parent is entitled to full information about the benefits and risks of the procedure.

    The decision of an adult or young man to be circumcised, and the decision of a parent to have his or her son circumcised, should be based on culture, religion, personal preference, and evidence-based information provided by a health care worker.

    If circumcision is being done for reasons other than the treatment of a specific medical problem, the health benefits are primarily preventive,
    and may only be realized long after the procedure. Circumcision may reduce the risk of acquiring some infections and related complications,
    but does not guarantee complete protection. Some of these conditions are common, while others are less so, and the degree of risk of the
    individual is likely to depend on his behaviour and where and the conditions under which he lives.

     


  • Khatan cegah risiko kanser zakar

    Updated by Machu Picchu Medicare Webmaster on Monday, Sept 14, 2009.

    Berkhatan berasal daripada perkataan khitan iaitu potong. Kebiasaannya juga disebut sebagai Sunat. Berkhatan perlu dilakukan untuk membersihkan diri kerana kemaluan adalah tempat najis yang harus dibersihkan.

    Berkhatan adalah satu keutamaan agama yang disyariatkan Allah kepada hamba-Nya. Nabi Muhammad S.A.W. bersabda bermaksud; "Kebersihan itu lima perkara, berkhatan, mencukur bulu ari-ari, menggunting misai, memotong kuku dan mencabut bulu ketiak." - (Hadis riwayat Bukhari dan Muslim). Dalam riwayat baginda bersabda kepada mereka yang baru memeluk Islam bermaksud; "Bersihkan dirimu daripada rambut kufur dan berkhatanlah." - (Hadis riwayat Ahmad dan Abu Daud). Kebanyakan ulama berpendapat berkhatan diwajibkan ketika umur kanak-kanak hampir usia baligh. Namun lebih afdal dilakukan pada minggu pertama kelahiran. Berkhatan unutk lelaki dilakukan dengan membuang foreskin, kulit yang menutupi kepala zakar (glans penis) sehingga nampak keseluruhan glans penis keluar. Khatan boleh dilakukan dengan pelbagai cara.

    Terdapat 2 kaedah iaitu tradisional dan moden. Kaedah tradisional ialah memotong bahagian kulit berlebihan pada zakar menggunakan pisau. Zakar terlebih dulu dibius pada bahagian atas, tepi dan hujung supaya kebas, kemudian dipotong, dilipat dan dijahit dengan benang larut sendiri. Bagaimanapun, kaedah moden lebih mudah kerana hanya menggunakan plastik kerana hanya menggunakan plastik yang sudah berbentuk bulat untuk diletakkan pada bahagian hujung kulit zakar. Ia bertujuan menghentikan perjalanan darah dalam tempoh seminggu dan secara tidak langsung akan gugur dengan sendiri.

    Lebih berdaya tahan. Dalam dunia perubatan, ramai pakar perubatan menyokong dan memandang baik amalan khatan di kalangan lelaki. Malah berkhatan juga digalakkan oleh Perbadanan Kesihatan Sedunia (WHO) untuk penjagaan kesihatan seksual dan perlindungan daripada penyakit kelamin. Galakan ini dibuat kerana melalui kajian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan berkhatan membuatkan penghujung zakar terdedah dan kulit bahagian tersebut berubah menjadi lebih berdaya tahan dan lasak. Tanpa khatan, bahagian di bawah kulit yang menutupi kepala zakar akan menjadi tempat takungan pelbagai jenis kuman. Keadaan itu meningkatkan risiko mendapat jangkitan dan akan mengeluarkan bau busuk yang tidak menyenangkan.

    Mengikut kajian, kebanyakan kes kanser zakar adalah daripada kalangan lelaki yang tidak berkhatan dan merumuskan bahawa khatan mencegah lelaki daripada menghidap kanser zakar.

    Beri lebih kenikmatan seks. Bukan sahaja lelaki lebih berkeyakinan dengan alat sulit yang terjamin kebersihan, malah wanita yang menjadi pasangannya juga yakin untuk melayari hubungan asmara tanpa memikirkan masalah jangkitan penyakit kelamin. Ini menunjukkan risiko seseorang wanita menghidap barah pangkal rahim adalah tinggi jika pasangannya tidak berkhatan. Luka yang sering berlaku pada kulit penutup zakar ketika melakukan persetubuhan juga memudahkan seseorang lelaki yang tidak berkhatan dijangkiti kuman penyakit jangkitan seksual, terutama sifilis, chancroid, dan genital herpes. Malah terdapat bukti yang menyokong bahawa berkhatan boleh mencegah risiko dijangkiti HIV sehingga 60 peratus.

    Berkhatan diakui bukan sahaja baik untuk kebersihan alat sulit tetapi mampu membantu memberi kenikmatan kepada pasangan ketika bersetubuh. Ini kerana selepas kulup atau kulit penghujung zakar dipotong, ia akan memberi ruang kepada zakar memanjang dan mengembang, malah memberikan daya ereksi lebih normal serta peningkatan daya kawalan daripada cepat ejakulasi (premature ejaculation).

  • World News

    Updated by Machu Picchu Medicare Webmaster on Friday, Feb 05, 2010.

    Malaysian-made Device Draws Interest From Mideast — DUBAI: A Malaysian-made disposable circumcision device piqued the interest of visitors at the recently-concluded Arab Health 2010 exhibition here. Judging from the favourable response, Machu Picchu Medicare Sdn Bhd marketing manager Arifabillah Idris ... read more (Business Times Malaysia -02/04/10)

    Alat Buatan Malaysia Jadi Perhatian Pelawat Pameran Kesihatan — DUBAI: Alat berkhatan pakai buang buatan Malaysia telah menarik perhatian pelawat di Pameran Kesihatan Arab 2010 yag baru selesai di sini. ... read more (Bernama -02/04/10)

    BOTSWANA plans to circumcise nearly half a million... read more.

    Male circumcision efforts lag in Africa despite evidence of dramatic impact in preventing HIVs... read more.

    Circumcision may reduced risk of HIV. WASHINGTON (AP) — Circumcising adult men may reduce by half their risk of getting the AIDS virus through heterosexual intercourse ... read more.

    Male circumcision reduces HIV risks: No further evidence needed, according to review (ScienceDaily, Apr 15,2009)... read more.

    Bill Gates helps fund mass circumcision programme. (Microsoft founder Bill Gates last week injected $50 million into a programme to circumcise up to 650,000 men in Swaziland and Zambia.) ... read more.

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